Ethereum Mainnet to scale to 10,000 TPS by 2031 via L2 networks, GrowThePie predicts

Ethereum’s layer 2 (L2) ecosystem is rapidly expanding, accelerating the network’s transition to scalability. GrowThePie, a crypto analytics platform, predicts that the Ethereum Mainnet may reach 10,000 transactions per second (TPS) by 2031, driven by the rapid expansion of layer 2 (L2) ￰0￱ to GrowThePie, the Ethereum Mainnet processed an average of 18.6 transactions per second (TPS) last ￰1￱ blockchain data site argued that the network must increase throughput by approximately 537 times from its current level of 18.6 TPS to reach its long-term scaling objective of 10,000 ￰2￱ 2015 to the present, ETH has scaled from about 0.71 TPS to 18.6 TPS, a 26.2x ￰3￱ One growth accelerates Ethereum L2 activity Ethereum’s L2s are exploding in activity, and L1 is ￰4￱ is expected to scale from 18.6 TPS today to over 10,000 TPS by 2031.

A 500x+ increase in ￰5￱ growth will come from upgrades like Danksharding, data availability sampling, and execution… ￰6￱ — Leon Waidmann 🔥 (@LeonWaidmann) November 5, 2025 Arbitrum One saw significant growth, with 3.56 million transactions and 242.78K active addresses between May and November ￰7￱ network had a stablecoin supply of $7.91 billion and secured a total value of $16.34 ￰8￱ $363.71 in revenue, there was a $361K on-chain ￰9￱ dominates DeFi in terms of utility and transactions.) that the ZKsync Atlas improvement will result in almost no costs, 15k+ TPS, and 1-second ZK ￰10￱ claimed that L2s can now rely on ETH as the institutional capital liquidity center for real-time ￰11￱ explained that Atlas reduces L1 to L2 interop latency below an ETH block’s finality ￰12￱ added that Atlas reduces L2 to L2 interop latency to about one ￰13￱ explained that the reduction implies that a separate liquidity center is no longer needed for institutional and RWA flows, where participants really wait for ETH ￰14￱ TPS surges while L2 networks cut transaction costs GrowThePie claimed that with future advancements, the ETH ecosystem’s objective is to scale by about three times ￰15￱ platform emphasized that the pace of TPS is expected to quicken after years of consistent ￰16￱ platform stated that by the end of the decade, the pace would surpass today’s 18.6 TPS, reaching 10,000 ￰17￱ Mainnet targets massive 10,000 TPS by 2031.).

ETH ecosystem experienced an all-time high of 5,513 TPS and a 24-hour peak of 4,343 ￰18￱ transfer fees, on the other hand, show the inefficiencies of Mainnet and L2 ￰19￱ Mainnet transactions typically incur a cost of $0.7023 per transfer, whereas L2 networks charge only $0.0031. On-chain economic activity is still ￰20￱ revenue has increased to $41.8 million, of which 15.73% comes from L2s. L2s account for 7.77% of the stablecoin supply, which has increased to $188.6 billion at the same ￰21￱ $50 free to trade crypto when you sign up to Bybit now